Weak Arguments in Cosmological Argument by Thomas Aquinas

Many philosophers have posed the question: How can I prove that God exists? Thomas Aquinas attempted to prove the existence of God in a rational way through his Cosmological argument. Aquinas argued that every event as we observe it has a cause and a casual chain cannot be infinite. Therefore, a first cause is necessary and this cause is God. Aquinas’ argument is unsuccessful because it assumes that God is a necessary being, fails to prove that the world is not an infinite chain of events, and undermines the basis of his argument by saying that God is infinite. Aquinas argued the existence of God with five main points. Aquinas began by saying that nothing can be a cause of itself; rather every event was caused by some prior event. Therefore event A causes event B that leads to event C and so forth. He believed in this cause and effect relationship but believed that there must be a first cause as a starting point. When contemplating this starting point Aquinas rejected the possibility of an infinite series of events. This means that the universe has not existed forever and there must have been something from which every single event stems. There must be an uncaused first cause, which Aquinas concluded to be God. The first cause is called the unmoved mover. The unmoved mover is what set all other events and beings in motion. The arguments made by Aquinas at first seem to be powerful. However, when examining and taking a closer look the arguments don’t seem to be asShow MoreRelatedEssay on Arguments for the Existence for God1212 Words   |  5 Pages 1. The Cosmological Argument for the existence of God is based on the principle of cause and effect. What this basically means is that the universe was the effect of a cause, which was God. One of the oldest and most well known advocates of the Cosmological Argument was Thomas Aquinas who outlines his argument for the existence of God in his article entitled The Five Ways. The first way in his argument is deals with motion. Aquinas says that in order for something to be in motion somethingRead MoreA Logical Argument For God s Existence Or Nonexistence1471 Words   |  6 PagesA logical argument for God’s existence or nonexistence is the cosmological argument. William Craig says in his book that there are three statements that give the cosmological argument form. Craig concluded that whatever begins to exist has a cause. The Universe began to exist therefore the Universe had a cause. What that cause was, is widely challenged. The argument against the existence of God incl udes the Big Bang Theory. The Big Bang Model is a broadly accepted theory for the beginning and evolutionRead MoreThe Question of Why God Exists595 Words   |  2 PagesGod exists. The Cosmological argument is an argument by the Christian, Theologian and Philosopher St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) in an attempt to prove God’s existence. I will argue that the weaknesses of this argument outweigh its strengths, and therefore making the Cosmological argument a weak argument for the proof of God’s existence. The Cosmological argument is seen as a benchmark in the question of the existence of God. Meaning this is highly regarded as the strong argument for their claimRead MoreDo God Exist ?1960 Words   |  8 PagesThesis Statements    1. Because of man’s ignorance and curiosity, arguments for the existence of God have been made over the years. Basically, these arguments are divided into two large groups i.e. logical and metaphysical. Actually, these arguments seek to prove that the existence of a being or having faith with at least one attribute that only God could have is logically necessary.    2. Believing and having faith in God will only resort to one thing—goodness.    3. Faith has something toRead MoreEssay about Module 41422 Words   |  6 Pages 9. Explain and evaluate the argument of St. Anselm for God’s existence. - One of the two Christian greats was St. Anselm. St. Anselm argued that a perfect being is necessary for existence. His argument is even prior to nature. St. Anselm thought it was impossible for anyone to reason about God or God’s existence without already believing in him. St. Anselm started the Ontological Argument based upon the nature of being. The Ontological Argument states that God is â€Å"the greatestRead More Arguments for the Existence of God Essay2739 Words   |  11 PagesArguments for Existance of God I have chosen the Christian religion to examine in this particular piece of coursework. Over the centuries philosophers and theologians have put forward a number of different arguments to argue the existence of God. The particular arguments I will be looking at are the Teleological Argument and the Cosmological Argument. ==================================================================== William Paley put the Teleological argumentRead MoreThe Design Argument - as Level Essay examples3128 Words   |  13 Pagesa. Outline the Key Concepts of the Design Argument [21 marks] The design argument is also referred to at the Teleological Argument stemmed from the Greek work ‘Telos’ meaning end or purpose. It is an ‘A posterior’ argument (from experience) based on our empirical senses and it is synthetic meaning that it is from observation. The argument is also inductive meaning there a number of possible conclusions. The main basis of the Teleological argument is based on a designer commonly known as ‘theRead MoreThe Christian s Acts Of Faith2105 Words   |  9 PagesOther influences such as Thomas Aquinas a proponent of Natural theology argue otherwise; natural theology is the task of proving or giving reasons for the existence of God, and other truths about God, on the basis of knowledge that is naturally available to all human beings (SR 656). One can rationally conclude a belief in God’s existence through basic knowledge and evidence around us. Arguments such as the classical cosmological argument and the Kalam cos mological argument fall under natural theologyRead MoreThe Debate On The Existence Of God2437 Words   |  10 Pagesreason and science those people often call themselves atheists. I believe in the existence of God but I will discuss arguments that express both the existence of God and none existence of God in order to prove that God really does exist. By visiting and exploring all kinds of aspects such as moral idea of God, as well as first cause argument. Furthermore, I will go into the arguments of Gods none existence because of problems of evil in the world, misery, lack of faith, continuous let down and lackRead MoreRelation Between Science and Religion Essay4079 Words   |  17 Pagesodds against the initial conditions being suitable for later star formation (without which planets could not exist) is one followed by a thousand billion billion zeroes, at least.7 He also estimates that a change in the strength of gravity or of the weak force by only one part in 10100 would have prevented a life-permitting universe.8 There are a number of such quantities and constants present in the big bang which must be fine-tuned in this way if the universe is to permit life. So improbability is

Early American Literature Influenced by Religious...

In the beginning times of American Literature, Puritan writers were prevalent which grew into the Age of Reason by way of scientists and philosophers, which eventually emerged into Romanticism and the Renaissance writers, which developed into Realism by the middle of 19th century. Throughout American Literature, religious ideologies and philosophies influenced the way that writers portrayed the time period, characters, feelings, and God. Through Puritan writers, literature is influenced by religious ideologies and philosophies. Puritans writers, beginning in about 1560, put most of their focus into making their work God centered. They believed in the â€Å"Elect† and that Jesus died only for these few people. Writers usually wrote in 1st†¦show more content†¦She also thanks God during situations that could seem like nothing to be thankful about like, â€Å"yet the Lord by his almighty power, preserved a number of us from death† (Rowlandson 10). Through both the narratives of the lives of Equiano and Rowlandson, the Puritan literature is influence by religious ideologies and philosophies. By the end of the 17th century, new ideas formed in Europe challenging the faith of the Puritans, during the period of time known as the Age of Reason. Also known as the Enlightenment, it began with philosophers and scientists who called themselves rationalists, believing that one can arrive at truth by using r eason, instead of religious faith or intuition. As the Puritans in the past saw God as being active in the involvement of the workings of the universe, the rationalists compared God to a clockmaker, and that God’s gift to humanity was the ability to think in a logical manner. Like the Puritans, rationalists discovered God through the medium of the natural world, but believed in deism, that God made it possible to discover nature laws through their power of reason, given by Him. Benjamin Franklin’s The Autobiography, is depictive of the Age of Reason because it portrays the fact that Franklin was a self-made person and had to further his own life, rising from poverty to a scientist able to retire atShow MoreRelatedEarly American Transcendentalism1204 Words   |  5 PagesEarly American transcendentalism has one of the greatest influences towards American society because it is not only a philosophy, but also a religion and physical progression. During the early nineteen th century, Ralph Emerson, Henry Thoreau, and other radical individuals challenged the present day theories of values, ethics, and what it means to live life to the fullest (Timko). If early American transcendentalists were living among civilians today, would present day civilians think the earlierRead MoreSocial Anxiety : America s National Identity991 Words   |  4 Pagesrevolted and established a nation, their sons and daughters became responsible for constructing a national identity. 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Each altered the course of American education to a degree that the developments made during and after the lifetimes of each of these figures are practically manifested in today’s educational environment. In some cases, as with Franklin, much ofRead MorePedro Paramo : An Enormous Impact On Latin American Writers And Readers From All Over The Worl d1694 Words   |  7 PagesZephorah Dove Professor Byala English 2097 3 December 2015 Pedro Paramo As a realist novel from Latin America, Pedro Paramo served an enormous impact on Latin American writers and readers from all over the world. Upon its release in 1955, Pedro Paramo barely sold 4,000 novels, yet the novel has sold millions worldwide and is translated into over 30 different languages. The reason why Juan Rulfo, the author, was deemed a literary figure in Latin America is largely because of this novel. 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Chotukool Solutions free essay sample

Assess the business scenario for ChotuKool? What are the critical success factors for this product to succeed? ChotuKool falls in to the business of refrigeration, to understand the business better let us understand the overall refrigeration business But before that lets looks at the consumer durable market, the consumer durable market consists of products from watches to fans. With the help of the below mentioned data we can understand the penetration and reach of a consumer durable like refrigerator in comparison to a product like Television Set, car, bike or Grinder. This will help us in having a deeper knowledge of the placement of a retrigger in the minds of the consumer in comparison to other consumer durables. With the analysis of the below shown chart we understand that refrigerators have been able to penetrate only 46% of the urban market on the other hand it has barely scratched the rural market by just reaching a meager 8%. We will write a custom essay sample on Chotukool Solutions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Overall most of the consumer durable shown below have a decent reach in the rural markets except for car and refrigerators, this helps us understand that there is an untapped market available in the rural areas for this specific consumer durable Ownership of consumer durables (% of household) Refrigerators Pressure cooker Bicycle Wrist watch Ceiling fan Mixer/Grinder Colour TV Motorcycle Car 0% 3% 12% 19% 17% 19% 34% 48% 56% 54% 8% 38% 53% 69% 76% 88% 89% 46% 80% Urban Rural 20% 40% 60% 80% FY 2008 – 09| Rs/cr| ACamp;R industry market size| 14,200 (US$ 3. 0 B)| Airconditioning systems| 11,000| Commercial refrigeration| 2,000| ACamp;R servicing| 1,200| * Approximately 69 per cent population resides in rural India, yet only 35% sales is contributed by rural markets. However, this sales contribution is expected to increase to 45% in near future. * Rural Consumer durables markets is growing by 30 per cent currently, expected to grow by 45 per cent in FY12 80 lacs Refrigerators sold last year and the market has grown by 12-15% (2010) Commercial Refrigeration Sector †¢ Growth during last 5 years: -10% †¢ Expected growth during medium term (3-5 years): 10-12% Looking at these figures we can see that the Domestic Refrigerator market in India  is one of the fastest growing segments of the consumer durable industry and is witnessing significant growth on account of rising per capita income and improved social indicators. The market is estimated to be worth  INR 97. 69 bn  in 2010. Over 80% of the population of India does not use refrigerators. Refrigerators have been manufactured in India since 1950s. Till the 1980s, players like Godrej, Kelvinator, Allwyn and Voltas controlled almost 90% of the market. Earlier, the white goods sector was categorized as a luxury goods industry and was subject to oppressive taxation and licensing. The situation changed after liberalization of the economy in the early 1990s. The Government removed all restrictions, and now there is no restriction on foreign investment, and licenses are no longer required. Post-liberalization, a number of foreign companies entered the market and many domestic players also diversified into refrigerators. BPL and Videocon who already had a presence in the consumer electronics market, leveraged their strengths to enter the durables sector. In India, refrigerators have the highest aspirational value of all consumer durables, with the exception of televisions. This accounts for the high growth rate of the refrigerator market which has been growing at a rate of about 15% per year, while the consumer durables industry as a whole has grown at almost 8%. The size of the refrigerator market is estimated to be 3. 5- 4 million units approximately, valued at Rs. 50 bn. The domestic penetration rate of refrigerators is about 9%. The penetration is considerably higher in urban areas, which account for 75% of the demand, with rural areas constituting the other 25%. The demand is also higher in the northern and western parts of the country than in the east. A study by Assocham in 2011 estimated the rural consumer durables market to grow at 40% in 2012 as a result of higher disposable income among rural consumers. The size of the home appliance market in India is pegged at `30,000 crore, with air-conditioners, refrigerators and washing machines as the largest categories, though household peneration levels are in low single-digits. Current Scenario in India, * Refrigerators have the 2nd highest aspirational value of all consumer durables * High growth rate of the refrigerator market. Refrigerators are manufactured in two basic designs which are referred to as Direct Cool (DC) and Frost Free (FF) refrigerator. Godrej’s share in the refrigeration market as shown below is 18 % Critical success factors for chotuKool: Let us study the critical success factors on the basis of the 4p’s of marketing Product: Designed specifically for rural consumer Cooling Chip Runs on low power and invertors Runs on battery when there’s load shedding Colour chosen on the basis of consumer interest Use of unconventional cooling technology.